Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a mental health disorder characterized by recurring, intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviours (compulsions).
The exact cause of OCD is not known, but research suggests a combination of genetic, neurobiological(brain structure and functioning), and environmental factors may contribute to its development.
OCD is characterized by two main components: obsessions and compulsions. Common symptoms
Intrusive, persistent, and distressing thoughts, images, or urges that repeatedly occur. Some common obsessions include fears of contamination, fear of harm or danger to oneself or others, excessive need for symmetry or order, and unwanted taboo or aggressive thoughts.
Repetitive behaviours or mental acts that individuals feel driven to perform in response to their obsessions. Compulsions are aimed at reducing distress or preventing a feared outcome. Examples include excessive hand washing, checking rituals (e.g., ensuring doors are locked), counting, arranging objects symmetrically, and seeking reassurance.
These symptoms significantly interfere with daily life, cause distress, and may consume a significant amount of time and energy.
At SPARSH OCD can be effectively managed with a combination of therapy, medication, and self-help strategies. Common treatment options include
It involves exposure and response prevention (ERP), where individuals are gradually exposed to their obsessions and learn to resist the urge to perform compulsive behaviours’ helps individuals challenge and reframe their thoughts, develop coping strategies, and reduce anxiety.
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), a type of antidepressant, are often prescribed for OCD. They help regulate serotonin levels in the brain and can reduce the frequency and intensity of obsessions and compulsions. Other medications, such as clomipramine, may also be used
Lifestyle changes, stress management techniques, regular exercise, and support from family and friends can all contribute to managing OCD symptoms.